In the previous article, I alluded to the strategic importance of international waterways that connect different regions of the world, serving as arteries for global trade. Over the past decades, reliance on these waterways, particularly in maritime transport, has increased, and it is expected to continue to grow in the future. The essence of the article emphasized the common interest of all nations in keeping these waterways open for global navigation without impediments. However, despite their importance, this does not prevent an intensification of international competition near these waterways. Strategies of national security for major powers and defense organizations like the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) have not been devoid of discussions about securing maritime navigation, both regionally and in distant regions. Therefore, the main focus of this article is an attempt to answer three questions…

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